The system is designed to be most readily compatible with biological systems, which are water based. Because of this inherent compatibility with biological systems, there is the possibility to reduce the number of steps for an analysis vs other techniques thereby simplifying the analysis and potentially reducing error. The best way to know for certain is to arrange a discussion with our staff to discuss your needs.

Yes, we will work with you to develop a full solution for your analytical requirements. If you can share samples, we can demonstrate applicability prior to any purchase.

They are reusable/regenerable.

This depends on the experimental conditions and must be determined experimentally by the user.

We currently offer one surface type, which is of a hydrophilic nature. Because of the hydrophilic nature of the surface, the need for surface modification is reduced. Because we offer one chip type, inventory keeping is simplified.

No, we are not experiencing such issues. Furthermore, our streamlined list of consumables allows us the ability to focus to see those that we do offer to minimize likelihood of interruptions.

Both Plasmon Waveguide Resonance and Surface Plasmon Resonance are indirect, optical methods strongly associated with investigating the kinetics of biomolecular interactions near a surface by probing changes in the refractive index of the experimental system in real-time. This process begins with the immobilization of a ligand on the surface of a sensor chip.

The vast majority of Surface Plasmon Resonance experiments first require the painstaking selection of sensor chip with a specific pretreatment in order to precisely accommodate the species being immobilized in any given experiment; Plasmon Waveguide Resonance, on the other hand, has one universal sensor chip, the hydrophilic nature of which allows for the immobilization of a wide variety of ligand species without the need for any additional modification of the sensor surface or labeling of the species of interest.

In Surface Plasmon Resonance, the constant flow of analyte across the sensor chip allows the ligand and analyte to bind. With the Emanant™ Molecular Interaction Analyzer a one-time injection of analyte into the system allows for the interaction of the two species while keeping the necessary volume of often precious sample down to only a few microliters.

While both methods ultimately provide information about the interaction of molecules on the surface of the sensor chip, a second polarization made available in the Emanant™ Molecular Interaction Analyzer is able to provide additional information about the state of the sample bulk that Surface Plasmon Resonance cannot.

There are a number of ways that this could be done, depending on the specific application. Some possibilities are:

• Covalent attachment via functional groups

• Metal chelation via His-tagging

• Biotin streptavidin interactions

• Binding to immobilized antibodies

For membrane proteins, these could include the following:

• Incorporation by dilution below cmc of detergent-solubilized membrane proteins into lipid bilayers pre-deposited onto silica surfaces

• Adsorption onto resonator surface of cell membrane fragments containing either transfected or native GPCRs

After use, follow the instructions documented in the user manual to disassemble the Emanant™ sample cell and clean the parts (sample compartment base and prism). Once the parts are cleaned, follow the instructions in the User manual to assemble the sample cell for the next test. NOTE: Septa and O-rings are consumables and shall be replaced for each test. Refer to details in the user manual.